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SwRI’S H2-ICE Consortium Demonstrate Hydrogen-Fueled Heavy-Duty Internal Combustion Engine
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has successfully completed development of a hydrogen-fueled Class-8 demonstration vehicle, built as part of its industry-supported H2-ICE consortium. The central focus of the demonstration includes development of a Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (H2-ICE) that produces ultra-low NOx and CO2 emissions while still providing enough torque and power for most heavy-duty applications. Launched in November 2022, the H2-ICE consortium gathered transportation industry leaders – including engine and truck manufacturers, fuels and lubricants providers, and Tier-1 suppliers – with a unified vision of advancing sustainable mobility through innovative hydrogen engine technology. The consortium focused on demonstrating the potential for H2-ICE vehicles to complement other zero-emission vehicle technologies on the industry’s decarbonization roadmap. To achieve the consortium’s goals, the engine needed to demonstrate industry leading nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in addition to the low carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions expected from hydrogen combustion. Despite a relatively short 18-month timeline, the SwRI team set an aggressive target of meeting the California Air Resource Board’s (CARB) Ultra-Low NOx designation of 0.02 g/hp-hr. SwRI converted an X15N natural gas engine provided by consortium member Cummins to run on port-injected hydrogen using components supplied by other consortium members. The H2-ICE vehicle represents a compelling zero-GHG option in the difficult-to-decarbonize long-haul trucking market. Its 370-hp engine produces 2,025 Nm of torque, which is considered ideal for most heavy-duty trucking applications. Engine efficiency is above 40%, peaking at 43%. Only trace amounts of carbon emissions have been measured in the exhaust, totaling about 1.5 g/hp-hr of CO2. |
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